Yaz\u0131l\u0131\u015flar\u0131 farkl\u0131 da olsa, asl\u0131nda bu iki kavram matru\u015fka gibi i\u00e7 i\u00e7e ge\u00e7mi\u015ftir. \u00dczerinde ad\u0131ge yaz\u0131l\u0131 matru\u015fkan\u0131n i\u00e7inden bir ba\u015fka fig\u00fcr \u00e7\u0131karsan\u0131z, \u00e7\u0131kan fig\u00fcrde \u00e7erkes yaz\u0131l\u0131 oldu\u011funu g\u00f6r\u00fcrs\u00fcn\u00fcz. Bu durum tersi i\u00e7in de ge\u00e7erlidir.<\/p>\n
Tarih sahnesinde yer alan bir\u00e7ok toplum i\u00e7in ayn\u0131 \u015fey s\u00f6z konusudur. Mesela biz Yunan deriz fakat Yunanl\u0131 kendisini Greek diye tan\u0131mlar. Biz Arnavut deriz, Arnavut kendine Alban der. Biz M\u0131s\u0131r deriz, o \u00fclke kendini Egipt diye adland\u0131r\u0131r. D\u00fcnyada buna say\u0131s\u0131z \u00f6rnekler g\u00f6sterebiliriz.
\n<\/p>\n
Biz Ad\u0131geler de tarihin kadim toplumlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda yer al\u0131r\u0131z. Yaz\u0131l\u0131 kaynaklar bizim varl\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 binlerce y\u0131l \u00f6ncesine kadar g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcr. Kafkasya\u2019y\u0131 ziyaret eden bir\u00e7ok bat\u0131l\u0131 seyyah, Kafkasya\u2019da ya\u015fayan \u00c7erkes halk\u0131ndan ve onlar\u0131n \u00fclkesi \u00c7erkesya\u2019dan bahseden yaz\u0131lar kaleme alm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Genellikle eski Yunan, Venedik ve Ceneviz t\u00fcccarlar\u0131 vas\u0131tas\u0131yla bat\u0131 devletleri ile ilk temas\u0131 kuranlar Karadeniz k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131nda ya\u015fayan Ad\u0131ge toplumu olmu\u015ftur. Bu yaz\u0131, bilimsel bir yaz\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in ad\u0131ge kelimesi ve onun etimolojisi \u00fczerinde durmayaca\u011f\u0131m.<\/p>\n
Bu b\u00f6lge ile ticaret yapanlar\u0131n, Ad\u0131ge toplumuna takt\u0131klar\u0131 Circas, Kerket; \u00c7erakise ya da farkl\u0131 telaffuzlar bu g\u00fcn genel kabul g\u00f6ren \u00c7erkes ismi alt\u0131nda bilinir hale gelmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
Ad\u0131ge ve \u00c7erkes kavramlar\u0131 19. Y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ortalar\u0131na kadar bu \u015fekilde kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Yan\u0131 bu d\u00f6neme kadar \u00e7erkes denildi\u011finde ad\u0131ge anla\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
1789 Frans\u0131z ihtilal\u0131 ile birlikte d\u00fcnyada ba\u015flayan ulusla\u015fma s\u00fcrecine kat\u0131lmakta ge\u00e7 kalan Kuzey Kafkasya halklar\u0131, milletle\u015fme ve devletle\u015fme s\u00fcrecine kat\u0131lmak i\u00e7in ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k sava\u015f\u0131 verirlerken, d\u00fcnya onlar\u0131 \u00c7erkes genel ismi ile tan\u0131mlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
19 y\u00fczy\u0131la kadar Ad\u0131ge ve \u00c7erkes isimlerini kendileri i\u00e7in kullanan Ad\u0131ge toplumu, Kafkasya istiklal m\u00fccadelesi s\u0131ras\u0131nda bu ismin di\u011fer karde\u015f halklar i\u00e7in de kullan\u0131lmas\u0131na ses \u00e7\u0131karmam\u0131\u015f ve Kafkasya birli\u011fi ideali i\u00e7in fedakarl\u0131kta bulunmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n
Kafkasya istiklal m\u00fccadeleleri sonucunda Ad\u0131ge(\u00c7erkes) toplumu b\u00fcy\u00fck bir soyk\u0131r\u0131ma u\u011fram\u0131\u015f, Ruslar taraf\u0131ndan \u00fclkeleri zapt edilmi\u015f ve vatanlar\u0131n\u0131 kaybetmi\u015flerdir. Ad\u0131gelerle birlikte bir miktar karde\u015f halk da ( \u00c7e\u00e7en, Oset, Da\u011f\u0131stan) bu s\u00fcrg\u00fcnden pay\u0131n\u0131 alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. B\u00fcy\u00fck \u00c7erkes s\u00fcrg\u00fcn\u00fcnden on be\u015f sene sonra bir miktar Abhaz da bu s\u00fcrg\u00fcn\u00fc ya\u015fam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Kafkasya\u2019dan s\u00fcr\u00fclen insanlar\u0131n y\u00fczde doksan\u0131ndan fazlas\u0131n\u0131n Ad\u0131ge olmas\u0131, Osmanl\u0131 da da Ad\u0131g ile \u00c7erkes kelimesinin ayn\u0131 anlamda kullan\u0131lmas\u0131na sebep olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n
Vatan\u0131ndan s\u00fcr\u00fclen Ad\u0131geler, diasporada \u00f6rg\u00fctlenirken, bilin\u00e7li olarak Ad\u0131ge ismi yerine \u00c7erkes kelimesini kullanm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Bu kelime ile t\u00fcm Kafkas halklar\u0131n\u0131 ku\u015fatan ortak bir \u00e7at\u0131 olu\u015fturmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015flar ve d\u00fcnyaya birlik mesaj\u0131 vermek istemi\u015flerdir.<\/p>\n
Osmanl\u0131da \u00f6rg\u00fctlenme \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 yapan ad\u0131geler, bilin\u00e7li olarak ad\u0131ge ismini kullanmaktan ka\u00e7\u0131nm\u0131\u015flar,bunun yerine her f\u0131rsatta \u00c7 erkes ismini kullanmay\u0131 tercih etmi\u015flerdir. \u00c7erkes Teav\u00fcn Cemiyeti gibi.<\/p>\n
Bunun gibi, \u015eimali Kafkasya Cumhuriyeti, Kafkasya Milli Merkezi, Kafkasya Da\u011fl\u0131lar\u0131 Birli\u011fi gibi genel ve ku\u015fat\u0131c\u0131 isimlerin kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 tercih edilmi\u015ftir. Burada Kafkasya\u2019da \u015fayet bir ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z devlet kurulacaksa, bu devletin tek ba\u015f\u0131na Ad\u0131geler taraf\u0131ndan kurulup ya\u015fat\u0131lamayaca\u011f\u0131, di\u011fer karde\u015f halklar\u0131n da deste\u011finin olmas\u0131 gere\u011fi dile getirilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
\u00c7erkes kelimesinin t\u00fcm Kafkas halklar\u0131 i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 ve di\u011fer halklar\u0131n bu \u00e7at\u0131 alt\u0131nda toplanmas\u0131 giri\u015fimi, cumhuriyet d\u00f6nemi \u00c7erkes ayd\u0131nlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan da s\u00fcrekli olarak i\u015flenen bir konu olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n
Rahmetli \u0130smail Berkok, Tarihte Kafkasya isimli eserinde bunu bir mant\u0131k \u00f6nermesi \u00f6rne\u011fiyle anlatmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Berkok \u00f6nermesinde \u015f\u00f6yle der. \u201c Her Ad\u0131ge \u00e7erkestir ama her \u00c7erkes Ad\u0131ge de\u011fildir.\u201d<\/p>\n
Bu kavram Y\u0131lmaz Nevruz Kara\u00e7ay, Osman \u00c7elik, Mustafa Be\u015ftoy, Mustafa Zihni H\u0131zal ve arkada\u015flar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan 1965\u2019li y\u0131llarda \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan \u201cBirle\u015fik Kafkasya\u201d dergisinde de yo\u011fun olarak i\u015flenmi\u015ftir. Ayn\u0131 \u015feyi daha sonralar\u0131, benim de aralar\u0131nda bulundu\u011fum bir gurup arkada\u015f ile Sultanahmet Kuzey Kafkasyal\u0131lar Derne\u011fi b\u00fcnyesinde de savunduk.<\/p>\n
\u0130\u00e7inde benim de yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131m,\u00c7erkes kelimesini t\u00fcm Kuzey Kafkasya halkalar\u0131na mal etme \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131, Kafkasya\u2019da ba\u015flayan G\u00fcrc\u00fc-Abhaz ve \u00c7e\u00e7en- Rus sava\u015f\u0131yla akamete u\u011fram\u0131\u015f oldu. Ge\u00e7mi\u015fte Kafkas Derne\u011fi ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda ,T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de ayn\u0131 \u00e7at\u0131 alt\u0131nda topland\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z kom\u015fu Kafkas halklar\u0131, kendi adlar\u0131 ile dernek kurup, hi\u00e7bir zaman i\u00e7inde olmad\u0131klar\u0131 bu birlikten ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015f oldular. <\/p>\n
Binlerce y\u0131ld\u0131r Ad\u0131ge kimli\u011fi ile birlikte ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z, di\u011fer d\u00fcnya milletlerinin bize vermi\u015f oldu\u011fu \u00c7erkes ismi bir anlamda ortada kalm\u0131\u015f gibi oldu. Bu kadar \u00f6nemli ve tarihi ge\u00e7mi\u015fi olan, Ad\u0131ge toplumunun uluslararas\u0131 markas\u0131 haline gelen \u00c7erkes kelimesi bizim \u00f6nemli bir kimli\u011fimizdir.<\/p>\n
Asl\u0131nda \u00c7erkes kelimesini bu g\u00fcn z\u0131mnen de olsa Ad\u0131ge anlam\u0131nda s\u0131k s\u0131k kullan\u0131yoruz. TRT \u00c7erkes a\u00e7\u0131ls\u0131n slogan\u0131n\u0131 kullan\u0131rken burada kastedilen Ad\u0131gecedir.<\/p>\n
\u00c7erkes kelimesi bir anlamda, hala \u00fczerindeki kabilecilik g\u00f6mle\u011fini \u00e7\u0131karamayan, onu adeta bir \u00fcst kimlik gibi \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131karan ad\u0131geler i\u00e7in millet olman\u0131n bir \u00f6n ad\u0131m\u0131 olabilir.<\/p>\n
Ke\u015fke \u00c7erkes kelimesi , b\u00fct\u00fcn Kafkas haklar\u0131n\u0131 ku\u015fatan bir \u00fcst kimlik olabilseydi. Ad\u0131geler, ba\u015fka milletler taraf\u0131ndan kendilerine tak\u0131lan bu ismi, hi\u00e7bir k\u0131skan\u00e7l\u0131k g\u00f6stermeden di\u011fer karde\u015f Kafkas halklar\u0131 ile payla\u015fmak i\u00e7in ellerinden gelen b\u00fct\u00fcn gayreti g\u00f6stermi\u015flerdir.<\/p>\n
Kafkasya\u2019da \u00e7erkes yoktur s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc bilin\u00e7li ya da kasten s\u00f6ylemek, \u00c7erkes toplumuna yap\u0131lacak en b\u00fcy\u00fck k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fckt\u00fcr. Bizler elbette ad\u0131geyiz; ama \u00f6nemli toplumlar gibi di\u011fer d\u00fcnya milletlerinin bize vermi\u015f oldu\u011fu ayr\u0131 bir ismimiz daha var. \u00c7erkes\u2026<\/p>\n
Bu g\u00fcn art\u0131k kafa kar\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 giderme zaman\u0131d\u0131r. Ad\u0131ge kelimesi ile e\u015fde\u011fer anlam ifade eden \u00c7erkes ismine t\u00fcm ad\u0131geler olarak sahip \u00e7\u0131kmal\u0131y\u0131z.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Yaz\u0131l\u0131\u015flar\u0131 farkl\u0131 da olsa, asl\u0131nda bu iki kavram matru\u015fka gibi i\u00e7 i\u00e7e ge\u00e7mi\u015ftir. \u00dczerinde ad\u0131ge yaz\u0131l\u0131 matru\u015fkan\u0131n i\u00e7inden bir ba\u015fka fig\u00fcr \u00e7\u0131karsan\u0131z, \u00e7\u0131kan fig\u00fcrde \u00e7erkes yaz\u0131l\u0131 oldu\u011funu g\u00f6r\u00fcrs\u00fcn\u00fcz. Bu durum tersi i\u00e7in de ge\u00e7erlidir. Tarih sahnesinde yer alan bir\u00e7ok toplum i\u00e7in ayn\u0131 \u015fey s\u00f6z konusudur. Mesela biz Yunan deriz fakat Yunanl\u0131 kendisini Greek diye tan\u0131mlar.…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mehdinuzhetcetinbas.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/595"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mehdinuzhetcetinbas.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mehdinuzhetcetinbas.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mehdinuzhetcetinbas.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mehdinuzhetcetinbas.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=595"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/mehdinuzhetcetinbas.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/595\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":596,"href":"https:\/\/mehdinuzhetcetinbas.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/595\/revisions\/596"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mehdinuzhetcetinbas.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=595"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mehdinuzhetcetinbas.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=595"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mehdinuzhetcetinbas.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=595"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}